When the doctor places that cold stethoscope on your chest, she’s listening for two distinct sounds – lub-DUB. “You can almost set your clock to what you are hearing,” said internist Mary Ann Kuzma.

In school children, cardiac auscultation by machine (Phonocardioscan) has shown promise as a screening procedure. To determine its effectiveness as a screening procedure in adults, results obtained by ...

My rationale for beginning at the mitral area is to compare the auscultatory findings with those previously obtained by percussion and palpation (see Nonauscultatory Cardiac Exam: Assessing the ...

Cardiac auscultation is a skill that is sadly unappreciated by many clinicians. There are a variety of reasons that account for this attitude. These include (1) the difficulty of learning auscultation ...

The S3 heart sound occurs as the mitral valve opens and allows blood to fill the left ventricle passively. The sound happens as a result of blood striking the left ventricle during early diastole. An ...

An S4 heart sound is a low-pitched sound that occurs toward the end of the diastole. In some cases, an underlying health condition, often one affecting the left ventricle, may cause the S4 heart sound ...

IT IS possible that the existence of the heart sounds was known to Hippocrates 1 and even that he made use of his knowledge for diagnostic purposes, but William Harvey 2 seems to have been the first ...