Researchers at the University of California San Diego and the Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System have identified a ...

Several bacteria from the Clostridium genus produce botulinum neurotoxins—the most potent biological toxins known—that cause botulism by blocking neurotransmitter release from nerves. Typically, the ...

The cholera toxin, secreted by Vibrio cholerae, remains a central focus in understanding the molecular pathology of cholera. Its multi-faceted interaction with host cell receptors, predominantly the ...

Bordetella pertussis, the causative agent of whooping cough, deploys an adenylate cyclase toxin (CyaA) that undermines host defences through a unique dual mechanism: enzymatic disruption of cellular ...

In the warm summertime waters of Lake Erie, cyanobacteria, or blue-green algae, can proliferate out of control, creating algal blooms that produce toxins at a rate that can harm wildlife and human ...