Abstract: Soil moisture monitoring is essential for optimizing irrigation strategies, enhancing crop yields, and conserving water resources in precision agriculture. Traditional sensing methods often ...

Abstract: In this paper, an antenna system sensor for soil moisture sensing is proposed. The antenna sensor comprises the parasitic irregular structure-based double-spiral resonator (PI-DSR), the ...

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon. Early detection of moisture stress in maize is vital for sustainable irrigation management, improved water-use efficiency, and ...