Rationale Asthma is characterized by type 2 (T2) inflammation, small airway dysfunction (SAD), mucus plugging, and remodeling. Airway remodeling is poorly responsive to current therapies, contributing ...

Objectives Infliximab, an anti-TNF agent, is used to treat sarcoidosis that does not respond to corticosteroids or second-line agents. The efficacy of other anti-TNF agents, non-TNF biologics and ...

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterised by both an accelerated decline in lung function and periods of acute deterioration in symptoms termed exacerbations. The aim ...

Background The lower airway microbiota in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are likely altered compared with the microbiota in healthy individuals. Information on how the ...

SUMMARY OF KEY RECOMMENDATIONS FOR EMERGENCY OXYGEN USE Achieving desirable oxygen saturation ranges in acute illness (sections 6.7 and 6.8) This guideline recommends aiming to achieve a normal or ...

Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterised by damage to the epithelial layer, closely associated with the alveolar basement membrane (BM). We aimed to investigate how type IV ...