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  1. Microbiology | Definition, History, & Microorganisms | Britannica

    Dec 4, 2025 · Microbiology came into being largely through studies of bacteria. The experiments of Louis Pasteur in France, Robert Koch in Germany, and others in the late 1800s established …

  2. Microbiology - Bacteria, Viruses, Fungi | Britannica

    Dec 4, 2025 · Microbiology - Bacteria, Viruses, Fungi: As is the case in many sciences, the study of microorganisms can be divided into two generalized and sometimes overlapping categories.

  3. Microbiology - Bacteria, Viruses, Fungi | Britannica

    Dec 4, 2025 · The major groups of microorganisms—namely bacteria, archaea, fungi (yeasts and molds), algae, protozoa, and viruses—are summarized below. Links to the more detailed …

  4. Bacteria | Cell, Evolution, & Classification | Britannica

    6 days ago · Bacteria are microscopic single-celled organisms that inhabit virtually all environments on Earth, including the bodies of multicellular animals. Bacteria lack a …

  5. Bacteria - Prokaryotes, Microbes, Cells | Britannica

    Jan 3, 2026 · Bacteria - Prokaryotes, Microbes, Cells: Although bacterial cells are much smaller and simpler in structure than eukaryotic cells, the bacteria are an exceedingly diverse group of …

  6. Bacteriology | microorganisms, pathogens, antibiotics | Britannica

    bacteriology, branch of microbiology dealing with the study of bacteria. The beginnings of bacteriology paralleled the development of the microscope.

  7. microorganisms - Kids | Britannica Kids | Homework Help

    Microorganisms are living things that are too small to be seen with the naked eye. They are normally viewed using a microscope. Bacteria, viruses, and some molds are examples…

  8. Microorganism | biology | Britannica

    …are caused by thermophilic (heat-loving) microorganisms, which include certain types of bacteria, such as cyanobacteria, and species of archaea and algae. Many thermophilic …

  9. Microbiology - Reproduction, Growth, Genetics | Britannica

    Dec 4, 2025 · Microbiology - Reproduction, Growth, Genetics: Bacteria reproduce primarily by binary fission, an asexual process whereby a single cell divides into two. Under ideal …

  10. Bacteria - Evolution, Microbes, Diversity | Britannica

    6 days ago · Bacteria - Evolution, Microbes, Diversity: Bacteria have existed from very early in the history of life on Earth.